/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Project:  OpenGIS Simple Features Reference Implementation
 * Purpose:  Implements OGRSQLiteDriver class.
 * Author:   Frank Warmerdam, warmerdam@pobox.com
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 *
 * Contributor: Alessandro Furieri, a.furieri@lqt.it
 * Portions of this module properly supporting SpatiaLite DB creation
 * Developed for Faunalia ( http://www.faunalia.it) with funding from
 * Regione Toscana - Settore SISTEMA INFORMATIVO TERRITORIALE ED AMBIENTALE
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 2004, Frank Warmerdam <warmerdam@pobox.com>
 * Copyright (c) 2007-2013, Even Rouault <even dot rouault at spatialys.com>
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 ****************************************************************************/

#include "cpl_port.h"
#include "ogr_sqlite.h"

#include <cstring>
#include <string>

#include "cpl_conv.h"
#include "cpl_error.h"
#include "cpl_string.h"
#include "cpl_vsi.h"
#include "gdal.h"
#include "gdal_priv.h"
#include "ogr_core.h"
#include "sqlite3.h"

/************************************************************************/
/*                     OGRSQLiteDriverIdentify()                        */
/************************************************************************/

static int OGRSQLiteDriverIdentify(GDALOpenInfo *poOpenInfo)

{
    if (STARTS_WITH_CI(poOpenInfo->pszFilename, "SQLITE:"))
    {
        return TRUE;
    }

    CPLString osExt(CPLGetExtensionSafe(poOpenInfo->pszFilename));
    if (EQUAL(osExt, "gpkg") && GDALGetDriverByName("GPKG") != nullptr)
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
    if (EQUAL(osExt, "mbtiles") && GDALGetDriverByName("MBTILES") != nullptr)
    {
        if (CSLCount(poOpenInfo->papszAllowedDrivers) == 1 &&
            EQUAL(poOpenInfo->papszAllowedDrivers[0], "SQLite"))
        {
            return TRUE;
        }
        return FALSE;
    }

    if (STARTS_WITH_CI(poOpenInfo->pszFilename, "VirtualShape:") &&
        EQUAL(osExt, "shp"))
    {
        return TRUE;
    }

#ifdef HAVE_RASTERLITE2
    if (STARTS_WITH_CI(poOpenInfo->pszFilename, "RASTERLITE2:"))
        return poOpenInfo->nOpenFlags & GDAL_OF_RASTER;
#endif

    if (EQUAL(poOpenInfo->pszFilename, ":memory:"))
        return TRUE;

#ifdef SQLITE_OPEN_URI
    // This code enables support for named memory databases in SQLite.
    // Named memory databases use file name format
    //   file:name?mode=memory&cache=shared
    // SQLITE_USE_URI is checked only to enable backward compatibility, in case
    // we accidentally hijacked some other format.
    if (STARTS_WITH(poOpenInfo->pszFilename, "file:") &&
        CPLTestBool(CPLGetConfigOption("SQLITE_USE_URI", "YES")))
    {
        char *queryparams = strchr(poOpenInfo->pszFilename, '?');
        if (queryparams)
        {
            if (strstr(queryparams, "mode=memory") != nullptr)
                return TRUE;
        }
    }
#endif

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Verify that the target is a real file, and has an               */
    /*      appropriate magic string at the beginning.                      */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    if (poOpenInfo->nHeaderBytes < 100)
        return FALSE;

#ifdef ENABLE_SQL_SQLITE_FORMAT
    if (STARTS_WITH(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(poOpenInfo->pabyHeader),
                    "-- SQL SQLITE"))
    {
        return TRUE;
    }
    if (STARTS_WITH(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(poOpenInfo->pabyHeader),
                    "-- SQL RASTERLITE"))
    {
        return -1;
    }
    if (STARTS_WITH(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(poOpenInfo->pabyHeader),
                    "-- SQL MBTILES"))
    {
        if (GDALGetDriverByName("MBTILES") != nullptr)
            return FALSE;
        if (poOpenInfo->eAccess == GA_Update)
            return FALSE;
        return -1;
    }
#endif

    if (!STARTS_WITH(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(poOpenInfo->pabyHeader),
                     "SQLite format 3"))
        return FALSE;

    // In case we are opening /vsizip/foo.zip with a .gpkg inside
    if ((memcmp(poOpenInfo->pabyHeader + 68, "GP10", 4) == 0 ||
         memcmp(poOpenInfo->pabyHeader + 68, "GP11", 4) == 0 ||
         memcmp(poOpenInfo->pabyHeader + 68, "GPKG", 4) == 0) &&
        GDALGetDriverByName("GPKG") != nullptr)
    {
        return FALSE;
    }

    // Could be a Rasterlite or MBTiles file as well
    return -1;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                                Open()                                */
/************************************************************************/

static GDALDataset *OGRSQLiteDriverOpen(GDALOpenInfo *poOpenInfo)

{
    if (OGRSQLiteDriverIdentify(poOpenInfo) == FALSE)
        return nullptr;

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Check VirtualShape:xxx.shp syntax                               */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    const auto nLen = strlen(poOpenInfo->pszFilename);
    if (STARTS_WITH_CI(poOpenInfo->pszFilename, "VirtualShape:") && nLen > 4 &&
        EQUAL(poOpenInfo->pszFilename + nLen - 4, ".SHP"))
    {
        auto poDS = std::make_unique<OGRSQLiteDataSource>();

        char **papszOptions = CSLAddString(nullptr, "SPATIALITE=YES");
        int nRet = poDS->Create(":memory:", papszOptions);
        poDS->SetDescription(poOpenInfo->pszFilename);
        CSLDestroy(papszOptions);
        if (!nRet)
        {
            return nullptr;
        }

        char *pszSQLiteFilename =
            CPLStrdup(poOpenInfo->pszFilename + strlen("VirtualShape:"));
        if (!std::unique_ptr<GDALDataset>(GDALDataset::Open(
                pszSQLiteFilename, GDAL_OF_VECTOR, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr)))
        {
            CPLFree(pszSQLiteFilename);
            return nullptr;
        }

        char *pszLastDot = strrchr(pszSQLiteFilename, '.');
        if (pszLastDot)
            *pszLastDot = '\0';

        const std::string osTableName = CPLGetBasenameSafe(pszSQLiteFilename);

        char *pszSQL = CPLStrdup(CPLSPrintf(
            "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE %s USING VirtualShape(%s, CP1252, -1)",
            osTableName.c_str(), pszSQLiteFilename));
        poDS->ExecuteSQL(pszSQL, nullptr, nullptr);
        CPLFree(pszSQL);
        CPLFree(pszSQLiteFilename);
        poDS->DisableUpdate();
        return poDS.release();
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      We think this is really an SQLite database, go ahead and try    */
    /*      and open it.                                                    */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    OGRSQLiteDataSource *poDS = new OGRSQLiteDataSource();

    if (!poDS->Open(poOpenInfo))
    {
        delete poDS;
        return nullptr;
    }
    else
        return poDS;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                               Create()                               */
/************************************************************************/

static GDALDataset *OGRSQLiteDriverCreate(const char *pszName, int nBands,
                                          CPL_UNUSED int nXSize,
                                          CPL_UNUSED int nYSize,
                                          CPL_UNUSED GDALDataType eDT,
                                          char **papszOptions)
{
    if (nBands != 0)
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_NotSupported,
                 "Raster creation through Create() interface is not supported. "
                 "Only CreateCopy() is supported");
        return nullptr;
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      First, ensure there isn't any such file yet.                    */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    VSIStatBufL sStatBuf;

    if (VSIStatL(pszName, &sStatBuf) == 0)
    {
        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
                 "It seems a file system object called '%s' already exists.",
                 pszName);

        return nullptr;
    }

    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /*      Try to create datasource.                                       */
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    OGRSQLiteDataSource *poDS = new OGRSQLiteDataSource();

    if (!poDS->Create(pszName, papszOptions))
    {
        delete poDS;
        return nullptr;
    }

    return poDS;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             Delete()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

static CPLErr OGRSQLiteDriverDelete(const char *pszName)
{
    if (VSIUnlink(pszName) == 0)
        return CE_None;
    else
        return CE_Failure;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                         RegisterOGRSQLite()                          */
/************************************************************************/

void RegisterOGRSQLite()

{
    if (!GDAL_CHECK_VERSION("SQLite driver"))
        return;

    if (GDALGetDriverByName("SQLite") != nullptr)
        return;

    GDALDriver *poDriver = new GDALDriver();

    poDriver->SetDescription("SQLite");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_VECTOR, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_CREATE_LAYER, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_DELETE_LAYER, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_CREATE_FIELD, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_DELETE_FIELD, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_REORDER_FIELDS, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_CURVE_GEOMETRIES, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_MEASURED_GEOMETRIES, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_Z_GEOMETRIES, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_SUPPORTED_SQL_DIALECTS, "SQLITE OGRSQL");

#ifdef HAVE_RASTERLITE2
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_RASTER, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_LONGNAME,
                              "SQLite / Spatialite / RasterLite2");
#else
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_LONGNAME, "SQLite / Spatialite");
#endif
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_HELPTOPIC, "drivers/vector/sqlite.html");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_EXTENSIONS, "sqlite db");

    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(
        GDAL_DMD_OPENOPTIONLIST,
        "<OpenOptionList>"
        "  <Option name='LIST_ALL_TABLES' type='boolean' description='Whether "
        "all tables, including non-spatial ones, should be listed' "
        "default='NO'/>"
        "  <Option name='LIST_VIRTUAL_OGR' type='boolean' description='Whether "
        "VirtualOGR virtual tables should be listed. Should only be enabled on "
        "trusted datasources to avoid potential safety issues' default='NO'/>"
        "  <Option name='PRELUDE_STATEMENTS' type='string' description='SQL "
        "statement(s) to send on the SQLite connection before any other ones'/>"
#ifdef HAVE_RASTERLITE2
        "  <Option name='1BIT_AS_8BIT' type='boolean' scope='raster' "
        "description='Whether to promote 1-bit monochrome raster as 8-bit, so "
        "as to have higher quality overviews' default='YES'/>"
#endif
        "  <Option name='OGR_SCHEMA' type='string' description='"
        "Partially or totally overrides the auto-detected schema to use for "
        "creating the layer. "
        "The overrides are defined as a JSON list of field definitions. "
        "This can be a filename or a JSON string or a URL.'/>"
        "</OpenOptionList>");

    CPLString osCreationOptions(
        "<CreationOptionList>"
#ifdef HAVE_SPATIALITE
        "  <Option name='SPATIALITE' type='boolean' description='Whether to "
        "create a Spatialite database' default='NO'/>"
#endif
        "  <Option name='METADATA' type='boolean' description='Whether to "
        "create the geometry_columns and spatial_ref_sys tables' "
        "default='YES'/>"
        "  <Option name='INIT_WITH_EPSG' type='boolean' description='Whether "
        "to insert the content of the EPSG CSV files into the spatial_ref_sys "
        "table ' default='NO'/>"
#ifdef HAVE_RASTERLITE2
        "  <Option name='APPEND_SUBDATASET' scope='raster' type='boolean' "
        "description='Whether to add the raster to the existing file' "
        "default='NO'/>"
        "  <Option name='COVERAGE' scope='raster' type='string' "
        "description='Coverage name'/>"
        "  <Option name='SECTION' scope='raster' type='string' "
        "description='Section name'/>"
        "  <Option name='COMPRESS' scope='raster' type='string-select' "
        "description='Raster compression' default='NONE'>"
        "    <Value>NONE</Value>"
#endif
    );
#ifdef HAVE_RASTERLITE2
    if (rl2_is_supported_codec(RL2_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE))
        osCreationOptions += "    <Value>DEFLATE</Value>";
    if (rl2_is_supported_codec(RL2_COMPRESSION_LZMA))
        osCreationOptions += "    <Value>LZMA</Value>";
    if (rl2_is_supported_codec(RL2_COMPRESSION_PNG))
        osCreationOptions += "    <Value>PNG</Value>";
    if (rl2_is_supported_codec(RL2_COMPRESSION_CCITTFAX4))
        osCreationOptions += "    <Value>CCITTFAX4</Value>";
    if (rl2_is_supported_codec(RL2_COMPRESSION_JPEG))
        osCreationOptions += "    <Value>JPEG</Value>";
    if (rl2_is_supported_codec(RL2_COMPRESSION_LOSSY_WEBP))
        osCreationOptions += "    <Value>WEBP</Value>";
    if (rl2_is_supported_codec(RL2_COMPRESSION_LOSSY_JP2))
        osCreationOptions += "    <Value>JPEG2000</Value>";
#endif
    osCreationOptions +=
#ifdef HAVE_RASTERLITE2
        "  </Option>"
        "  <Option name='QUALITY' scope='raster' type='int' description='Image "
        "quality for JPEG, WEBP and JPEG2000 compressions'/>"
        "  <Option name='PIXEL_TYPE' scope='raster' type='string-select' "
        "description='Raster pixel type. Determines photometric "
        "interpretation'>"
        "    <Value>MONOCHROME</Value>"
        "    <Value>PALETTE</Value>"
        "    <Value>GRAYSCALE</Value>"
        "    <Value>RGB</Value>"
        "    <Value>MULTIBAND</Value>"
        "    <Value>DATAGRID</Value>"
        "  </Option>"
        "  <Option name='BLOCKXSIZE' scope='raster' type='int' "
        "description='Block width' default='512'/>"
        "  <Option name='BLOCKYSIZE' scope='raster' type='int' "
        "description='Block height' default='512'/>"
        "  <Option name='NBITS' scope='raster' type='int' description='Force "
        "bit width. 1, 2 or 4 are supported'/>"
        "  <Option name='PYRAMIDIZE' scope='raster' type='boolean' "
        "description='Whether to automatically build relevant "
        "pyramids/overviews' default='NO'/>"
#endif
        "</CreationOptionList>";

    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_CREATIONOPTIONLIST, osCreationOptions);

    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(
        GDAL_DS_LAYER_CREATIONOPTIONLIST,
        "<LayerCreationOptionList>"
        "  <Option name='FORMAT' type='string-select' description='Format of "
        "geometry columns'>"
        "    <Value>WKB</Value>"
        "    <Value>WKT</Value>"
#ifdef HAVE_SPATIALITE
        "    <Value>SPATIALITE</Value>"
#endif
        "  </Option>"
        "  <Option name='GEOMETRY_NAME' type='string' description='Name of "
        "geometry column. Defaults to WKT_GEOMETRY for FORMAT=WKT or GEOMETRY "
        "otherwise'/>"
        "  <Option name='LAUNDER' type='boolean' description='Whether layer "
        "and field names will be laundered' default='YES'/>"
#ifdef HAVE_SPATIALITE
        "  <Option name='SPATIAL_INDEX' type='boolean' description='Whether to "
        "create a spatial index for Spatialite databases' default='YES'/>"
        "  <Option name='COMPRESS_GEOM' type='boolean' description='Whether to "
        "use compressed format of Spatialite geometries' default='NO'/>"
#endif
        "  <Option name='SRID' type='int' description='Forced SRID of the "
        "layer'/>"
        "  <Option name='COMPRESS_COLUMNS' type='string' "
        "description='=column_name1[,column_name2, ...].  list of (String) "
        "columns that must be compressed with ZLib DEFLATE algorithm'/>"
        "  <Option name='OVERWRITE' type='boolean' description='Whether to "
        "overwrite an existing table with the layer name to be created' "
        "default='NO'/>"
        "  <Option name='FID' type='string' description='Name of the FID "
        "column to create' default='OGC_FID'/>"
#if SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER >= 3037000
        "  <Option name='STRICT' type='boolean' description='Whether to create "
        "the table in STRICT mode (only compatible of readers with sqlite >= "
        "3.37)' default='NO'/>"
#endif
        "</LayerCreationOptionList>");

    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_CREATIONFIELDDATATYPES,
                              "Integer Integer64 Real String Date DateTime "
                              "Time Binary IntegerList Integer64List "
                              "RealList StringList");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_CREATIONFIELDDATASUBTYPES,
                              "Boolean Int16 Float32");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_CREATION_FIELD_DEFN_FLAGS,
                              "WidthPrecision Nullable Default Unique");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(
        GDAL_DMD_ALTER_FIELD_DEFN_FLAGS,
        "Name Type WidthPrecision Nullable Default Unique");

#ifdef HAVE_RASTERLITE2
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_CREATIONDATATYPES,
                              "Byte Int8 UInt16 Int16 UInt32 Int32 Float32 "
                              "Float64");
#endif
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_NOTNULL_FIELDS, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_DEFAULT_FIELDS, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_UNIQUE_FIELDS, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_NOTNULL_GEOMFIELDS, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_VIRTUALIO, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_MULTIPLE_VECTOR_LAYERS, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_RELATIONSHIPS, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DCAP_CREATE_RELATIONSHIP, "YES");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_RELATIONSHIP_FLAGS,
                              "OneToMany Association Composite");
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem(GDAL_DMD_RELATIONSHIP_RELATED_TABLE_TYPES,
                              "features");

#ifdef ENABLE_SQL_SQLITE_FORMAT
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem("ENABLE_SQL_SQLITE_FORMAT", "YES");
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_COLUMN_METADATA
    poDriver->SetMetadataItem("SQLITE_HAS_COLUMN_METADATA", "YES");
#endif

    poDriver->pfnOpen = OGRSQLiteDriverOpen;
    poDriver->pfnIdentify = OGRSQLiteDriverIdentify;
    poDriver->pfnCreate = OGRSQLiteDriverCreate;
#ifdef HAVE_RASTERLITE2
    poDriver->pfnCreateCopy = OGRSQLiteDriverCreateCopy;
#endif
    poDriver->pfnDelete = OGRSQLiteDriverDelete;
    poDriver->pfnUnloadDriver = OGRSQLiteDriverUnload;

    GetGDALDriverManager()->RegisterDriver(poDriver);
}
